＜충격＞왜수 아내 있었다, 고대 문서 진품 확인! > 추천게시글

예수 '아내' 언급 파피루스,

고대 원본 맞다!

2012년 9월, 한국을 포함해 전 세계적으로 기독교계가 엄청난 충격에 휩싸인 적이
있었는데,그 해 9월, 미 하버드대 세계적 신학자 캐런 킹 석좌교수가 기원 전.후
4세기 무렵의 콥트어로 기록된 피피루스 파편을 해독 공개하면서 였다. 
당시 위조된게 아냐 하고 기독교인들이 의문을 제기했는데,

1년이 넘는 철저한 첨단과학을 동원한 확인 결과가 10일 뉴욕타임즈를 통해 발표됐다.

이 문서에는 아래와 같은 충격적 내용이 적혀 있다.

“예수가 그들(제자들)에게 ... 마리아를 가리켜

‘나의 아내’다...라고 말했다”,

“그녀(마리아)는 내 제자가 될 수 있을 것이다,

  마리아는 그럴 만하다

 (여자임에도 불구하고 내 아내이기 때문에 제자가 될 자격이 있다)”

이 문서는 3곳 이상의 최첨단 분석기로 반복 검증과정을 거쳤다.

하나는 하바드대 캐런 킹 교수팀의 분석,

또 하나는 컬럼비아대 제임스 야들리 전기공학과 교수팀,

그리고 매서추세츠공과대학(MIT)의 저명한 화학자 티머시 스웨이저 교수팀의 분석이다.

이 파피루스 파편을 1700년 전의 진짜 진품이냐를 확인하려면

이집트 고대 나일강변에서 채취한

1700년전 파피루스가 맞냐?

그 파피루스에 쓰인 잉크가 정말 1700년 전의 잉크의 화학적 구조와 변화,서체,문법...

이 맞냐를 밝혀내면 그만이다.

파피루스나 잉크가 혹시 현대의 것이고 누군가 위조한 것이 아니냐를 산화과정...등

과학적 방식으로 밝혀내면 되는 것이다.

1년여에 걸친 조사 결과,

킹 교수는 

"'예수 아내의 서(書)’로 명명한 이 파피루스 조각은 후대에 위조된 것이 아니며

기원 전후에 제작된 것이 맞다는 연구결과가 나왔다"고 발표했고,

제임스 야들리 컬럼비아대 전기공학과 교수는

“분광기로 문서에 쓰인 잉크를 조사한 결과

 기원전 4세기에서 기원후 7~8세기 사이에 쓰인 잉크와 같다”고 발표했다.

매서추세츠공과대학(MIT) 화학자 티머시 스웨이저 교수도 적외선 분광기 조사 결과

“누군가 손댄 흔적은 없었다”고 발표했다.

http://news.khan.co.kr/kh_news/khan_art_view.html?artid=201404111432431&code=970100

'Jesus' wife' fragment not a fake

By Daniel Burke, CNN Belief Blog Co-Editor
 (((CNN)))

A team of scientists has concluded that a controversial scrap of papyrus that purportedly quotes Jesus referring to "my wife," is not a fake, according to the Harvard Theological Review."A wide range of scientific testing indicates that a papyrus fragment containing the words, Jesus said to them, my wife' is an ancient document, dating between the sixth to ninth centuries CE," Harvard Divinity School said in a statement.Scientists tested the papyrus and the carbon ink, and analyzed the handwriting and grammar, according to Harvard.Radiocarbon tests conducted at Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology produced an origination date

for the papyrus of 659-859 CE, according to Harvard. MIT also studied the chemical composition of the papyrus and patterns of oxidationOther scholars studied the carbon character of the ink and found that it matched samples of papyri from the first to eight century CE, according to Harvard."None of the testing has produced any evidence that the fragment is a modern fabrication or forgery," the divinity school said.

Unveiled by Karen King, a Harvard Divinity School historian, in 2012, the scrap sparked a heated debate over Christian history, archaeological accuracy and modern debates like the ordination of women.The fragment, which is about the size of a business card, contains just 33 words, including:

“Jesus said to them, ‘My wife …" and "she will be able to be my disciple."

Though she dubbed the fragment,

"The Gospel of Jesus' Wife," King said that the papyrus does not prove that Jesus actually had a wife - just that ancient Christians discussed the possibility.

"This gospel fragment provides a reason to reconsider what we thought we knew by asking what the role claims of Jesus's marital status played historically in early Christian controversies over marriage, celibacy, and family," King said.Other Christians have suggested that Jesus may have been speaking metaphorically in the sentence fragments quoted in the papyrus. Some New Testament writers refer to the church as "the bride of Christ."

King and other scholars said they are equally intrigued by Jesus' mention of a female disciple.

"The main topic of the fragment is to affirm that women who are mothers and wives can be disciples of Jesus—

a topic that was hotly debated in early Christianity as celibate virginity increasingly became highly valued," King said.

5 questions and answers about Jesus' 'wife'

The Harvard Theological Review also published on Thursday a rebuttal to King's hypothesis by Leo Depuydt,

a professor of Egyptology at Brown University.

“As a forgery, it is bad to the point of being farcical or fobbish," Depuydt told the Boston Globe.

"I don’t buy the argument that this is sophisticated.

I think it could be done in an afternoon by an undergraduate student.”

The Vatican's newspaper has also called the papyrus fragment a fake.

“Substantial reasons would lead us to conclude that the papyrus is actually a clumsy counterfeit,"

L'Osservatore Romano, said in an editorial in 2012. Vatican newspaper calls fragment referring to Jesus' wife 'a fake' King and Harvard acknowledge that

"nothing is known about the discovery of the fragment." King has said it was given to her by an unnamed donor. http://religion.blogs.cnn.com/2014/04/10/study-jesus-wife-fragment-not-a-fake/

Jesus' Wife, Papyrus

This Sept. 5, 2012 photo released by Harvard University shows a fourth century fragment of papyrus that divinity professor Karen L. King says is the only existing ancient text that quotes Jesus explicitly referring to having a wife. Karen L. King—Harvard University/APwelve centuries ago, an Egyptian community thought Jesus had a wife. Our reaction says as much about modern faith as any ancient one

Scholars at the Harvard Theological Review announced Thursday that they see no evidence of forgery in an ancient text mentioning “Jesus’ wife.” The fragment of parchment made waves 18 months ago when scholars first made its discovery public. But before jumping to any conclusions, here’s what’s most important to keep in mind.

Carbon dating of the “Jesus Wife” fragment dates the text to the 8th century in Egypt. That is some five hundred years after the official Biblical text was already agreed upon, even by the latest dating estimates. The point of the fragment has never been to prove that Jesus was or wasn’t married—the gospels themselves, written within a hundred or so years of Jesus’ death, are silent on that point.

Today it is easy to imagine that the Bible has always been one cohesive book. But it actually took centuries for early church leaders and theologians to agree on what letters, gospels, and writings counted as “canonical,” allowed to be counted as the official Word of God. Hundreds of different gospel writers and authors wrote hundreds of texts about God and Jesus. Today we have fragments upon fragments of these documents, some are quite long, some are no more than a word, or a half a word.

While not all of them were accepted as Scripture, they do tell us something about how communities worshiped and what was important to them. So, if the parchment fragment is indeed authentic, it tells us that there was at least one community of believers that imagined that Jesus did have a wife, and it meant enough to how they lived their spiritual lives that they recorded it in a parchment. Without more information, we are left to imagine what that meant for how they allowed women to work in churches or what role they gave women in society. It also tells us something about our own contemporary views about God. We are fascinated with the idea that maybe, a God made human could have married. We wonder what implications that has for how we should view women, especially in a time when Pope Francis seems to be nudging the door open for women in the Catholic Church. And, one thing is for certain: everyone wishes the fragment could have been bigger.http://time.com/57705/jesus-wife-parchment-women-church/

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